To maintain the elasticity of the pouch and keep it flexible, pelicans perform pouch exercises, throwing the head back with the bill open, or even tucking the head down and turning the pouch inside-out over the breast. Like other pelecaniforms, pelicans use their pouches in breeding displays that involve lifting the head to show off the pouch or inflating it with air. During the display period, the pouch becomes brightly colored.
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